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The Simple Sentence

Simple sentences have only one independent clause. There are no 
dependent clauses, and the sentence must be limited to one subject 
and one predicate. The sentence may contain modifying words or 
phrases. Examples:

Grammar learning is boring. 
The sky is blue.
I took his book.

It may be helpful to remember that the usual word order, or syntax, 
in English is subject-verb-object. 

The Simple Sentence may consist of only one word. 

Example: 

Look. 

Or it may be somewhat longer. 

Example: 

Look at the history embedded in the fibers of this shirt. 

In the preceding examples, the verb is look. And since this 
sentence is written in command form, the subject is an 
understood you. 

The Simple Sentence may have just one subject and just one verb. 

Example: 

Mr. Chun called his shirts Aloha Shirts. 

The Simple Sentence may have just one subject and more than one 
verb. 

Example: 

He displayed and sold them for a dollar apiece in his King-Smith 
store. 

The Simple Sentence may have more than one subject and just one 
verb. 

Example: 

At that time, both the Aloha Shirt and the Thousand Mile Shirt 
were worn by Islanders. 

The Simple Sentence may also have more than one subject and more 
than one verb. 

Example: 

Missionaries and pioneers wore the Thousand Mile Shirt on the 
Mainland and popularized it on the Islands because of its ability 
to withstand dirt and grime. 

The following is the summary of the Simple Sentence:

S + V (Subject + Verb)
The printer jammed. (printer + jammed)
My computer malfunctioned. (computer + malfunctioned)
The temperature rose. (temperature + rose)

S + V + C (Subject + Verb + Complement)
Many of our professors are multilingual. (professors + are + 
multilingual)
Some students seem very intelligent. (students + seem + 
intelligent)
Dr. Noguchi is our university president. (Noguchi + is + president) 
Note: Complement = adjective (creative), noun (software), adjective 
+ noun (easy assignment), pronoun (mine), adverb of place/time 
(here/at 10:40), prepositional phrase (in her office).

S + V + O (Subject + Verb + Object)
He bought a new PC. (He + bought + PC)
Keiko checked out a library book. (Keiko + checked out + book)
Computer science students must learn programming. (students + 
learn + programming)
Note: Object = noun (book), pronoun (him), reflexive pronoun 
(ourselves), infinitive (to study), -ing form (eating).

S + V + IO + DO (Subject + Verb + Indirect Object + Direct 
Object)
My classmate lent me his eraser. (classmate + lent + me + eraser)
Our coach gave us some instruction. (coach + gave + us + 
instruction)
The company e-mailed the customer some information. (company + 
e-mailed + customer + information)

S + V + DO + IO (Subject + Verb + Direct Object + Indirect Object)
Our advisor reserved the tennis courts for us. (advisor + reserved 
+ courts + us)
My father sent some extra money to me. (father + sent + money + 
me)
The landlord provided free parking for his tenants. (landlord + 
provided + parking + tenants)

S + V + O + C (Subject + Verb + Object + Complement)
The members elected him club president. (members + elected + 
him + president)
The professor made the test too difficult. (professor + made + 
test + difficult)
My friends call me Brains. (friends + call + me + Brains)

Compound Sentence Parts

Compound Subject: My younger sister and I are university students.
Compound Verb: He only ate and slept during his vacation.

Compound Object: I broke the cup and saucer.

Compound Complement: He is clever and athletic.

Sentence Fragments

A sentence fragment (frag) is an incomplete sentence. It is missing 
some necessary parts. Here are some examples:
For example, a keyboard, mouse, and a joystick.
Because it's fun.
Thus, nothing.
When I was in the first grade.
But not today.
My friends and classmates.